Mongolia — Country Profile & National Debt
An overview of Mongolia covering geography, demographics, economy, culture, political status, and practical information, sourced from World Bank and REST Countries open data.
These figures are estimates based on public statistics and may differ from actual values.
About Mongolia
The capital of Mongolia is Ulan Bator. It has a population of approximately 3.5M. The country covers an area of 1,564,110 km². It is located in Eastern Asia.
The second most sparsely populated fully sovereign country in the world.
Geography
Mongolia is a country in Eastern Asia, part of the Asia region. It covers an area of approximately 1,564,110 km². It shares land borders with People's Republic of China and Russian Federation, totalling 2 neighbours. It is a landlocked country with no direct sea access.
Demographics & Languages
Mongolia has a population of approximately 3,544,835 people. Population density is around 2.3 people per km². Its officially recognised languages include Mongolian, totalling 1 language. People from this country are referred to as Mongolian.
Economy Overview
As of 2024, Mongolia reports a nominal GDP of about $23.8 billion. Government debt stood at roughly 43.3% of GDP in 2024. The official currency is the Mongolian tögrög (MNT, symbol ₮). The current exchange rate is approximately 1 USD = 3,589.6 MNT.
Culture & Time
Mongolia spans 2 time zones (including UTC+07:00, UTC+08:00). The local week is considered to start on Monday. Its country-code top-level domain (ccTLD) is.mn.
Government & Status
The capital of Mongolia is Ulan Bator. It is internationally recognised as an independent sovereign state. The country is a member state of the United Nations.
Practical Information
Traffic drives on the right. The international dialling code is +976. Its FIFA country code is MNG, and its ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code is MN.
Data Sources & Methodology
GDP and debt-to-GDP figures on this page are pulled from the most recent available year of World Bank open statistics. The real-time debt estimate is computed by multiplying total debt (GDP × debt ratio) by World Bank's real interest rate (or a 4% fallback when unavailable) and dividing across each second of a year. Exchange rates refresh hourly via open.er-api.com, and country-level metadata such as languages, time zones, borders, and domains is fetched from REST Countries every 24 hours. All values are estimates derived from public datasets and may differ from official figures.